For the past couple of years, I’ve been painting violence. I
base the paintings on photographs from press websites, blogs, and other online
sources. In these images, which are pared down and modified from the original
material, the victim is fully rendered while the perpetrator remains either
unseen or represented by an arm or a hand, by a reach, a punch, a chokehold.
What’s the point of representing this kind of violence when anyone with any
political consciousness at all knows already that it’s happening? I don’t think
I’m enlightening anyone, though I can certainly play the usual games. We all
know how to write artist statements by now. I can discuss my process until eyes
glaze over. I can explain the critique of Western power structures, of
patriarchy, of a politics of destruction that reaches from the United States to
the farthest corners of the globe and back again. But if I’m not saying
anything that people don’t already know, why make this art in the first place?
These are the sorts of
images that one would expect to possess a political intent. Of course the works
are political in that they have to do with power, oppression, and victimization.
But I have always had it in my head that “political art” seeks a concrete,
almost measurable effect: to change minds, to alter the discussion, to
convince, to teach. I’m not trying to do any of those things. In fact, I’ve
never considered art a very effective agent of political change, not least
because artists are usually preaching to the converted. Of course it’s
thrilling to believe that one’s work has the power to illuminate, that one can
reach into somebody else’s brain, pull the cord, and turn on the light. I’ve
always heard that The Sportsman’s
Notebook was instrumental in convincing Czar Alexander II to end serfdom in
pre-revolutionary Russia. Perhaps the Czar really did need to be shown the
misery endured by the serfs under his reign. But I wonder if Turgenev’s stories
had an effect, not because they taught the Czar about an institution he knew very
well existed and must have known produced misery, but rather because they
struck an emotional chord that even a czar could not unhear.
I’ve always thought that the artist’s work is to express an
understanding of the human condition. Perhaps this type of expression can, at
times, educate an audience or change an opinion, but I believe it’s more proper
to think in terms of sympathetic communication and a shared understanding. The
artist expresses, in a clear, succinct (Proust notwithstanding), comprehensive
way, something the audience already knows or feels. The effect is not to change
minds or enlighten, but to provoke catharsis in the Aristotelian sense—the cleansing
arousal and release of emotion. Such a goal might seem, in highly politicized
times like these, as lacking ambition or weight. I don’t think so.
Late in the second chapter of The Sound and the Fury, Quentin Compson remembers a conversation with his father
in which the older man conjures up an image of a “dark diceman” who not only tosses
out man’s fate according to chance, but does not even care about the outcome of
the roll. It would be absurd to believe that anyone reads this passage and
thinks, “Well, ten minutes ago I thought the world was suffused with meaning,
but now that I’ve read William Faulkner’s powerful and persuasive writing, I am
suddenly convinced that my life and all life is, indeed, meaningless.” In actuality, we
don’t learn anything from the passage. Instead, with a convulsive flash of
intellect and emotion, we feel the
idea that the world has no meaning. We feel it because we have felt it before.
We don’t necessarily believe it as an ultimate conclusion about our existence—some
of us might—but we have passed through the sensation, at some point in our
lives, of the absurdity and blind chance outcome of the world. Faulkner has not
convinced us of anything, but he has constructed the opportunity for a shared
understanding, for communication in the deepest sense of the word. This heightened
moment comes into existence thanks to the shocking clarity of the author’s
vision—a vision that is singular and, at the same time, not singular at all.
We don’t step in front of Maya Lin’s Memorial because we want to
learn something about the war in Vietnam. We already know how many soldiers
died, we are not going to remember their names when we go home, and there is no
other “information” in the work. I can’t believe that the Memorial changes
anyone’s opinion; I would guess that it only hardens that opinion, no matter
where on the political spectrum it lies. We go because the artist has produced
a clear expression of feeling—about the War in Vietnam, about the cost of all
war—a feeling that we already possess in some form. We go because we trust that
Lin has done the work of the artist: to activate feeling, to crystallize
understanding and emotion, to construct the space for catharsis. The work
enriches us though we learn nothing that we did not know before and gain
nothing of any utility. Perhaps that’s precisely why it enriches us. It teaches
us nothing but reminds us of everything.